PHOTOMICROGRAPHIC STUDY AND COMPARISON OF QUASIHUMAN ICHNOFOSSILS WITH MODERN TRACKS

JEREMY AULDANEY, PAUL O. ROSNAU, EDWIN BACK, NORMAN DAVIS.

This is the second part of a report of research on quasihuman ichnofossils (supposed human tracks) found with tracks of dinosaurs in strata near Tuba City, Arizona. The material for study was collected on field trips June 21-27 and October 15-18, 1990 and June 1-6, 1995. This project is a continuation of previous research (Rosnau, P., J. Auldaney, G. Howe and W. Waisgerber, 1989 a, b). Photomicrographic analysis indicates that the human-like impressions were created by pressure which created relatively smooth surfaces, unlike the rougher surfaces of impressions formed inside concretions and unlike surrounding surfaces. Comparison of the quasihuman ichnofossils with modern tracks in wet mud shows them to be closely comparable, supporting our theory that the fossil imprints were made by human feet. We append a list and description of newfound quasihuman imprints, present the authors' summaries, offer a refutation of the Paleo-Indian theory of fossil track formation and answer other criticisms.

CRSQ (34) pp. 133-146

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AN UNCONFORMITY BOUNDARY EXPOSED AT THE LOWER TORNILLO CREEK BRIDGE, BIG BEND NATIONAL PARK, BREWSTER COUNTY, TEXAS, U.S.A.

CARL R. FROEDE, JR.

An outcrop along lower Tornillo Creek provides an unconformity contact between the San Vincente Member of the Boquillas Formation and the overlying Pen Formation. This contact marks the depositional boundary between the former North American epeiric seaway (actually retreating Floodwater) and subaqueous caldera erupted sediments derived from the Trans-Pecos Texas region. A source for the Pen Formation sediments along with a mechanism for mixing the marine fossils found within it is proposed within the framework of the Young-Earth Flood Model.

CRSQ (34) pp. 147-153

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AN EXAMINATION OF THE ASSUMPTIONS OF "EDEN'S GEOGRAPHY ERODES FLOOD GEOLOGY

JAMES R. HUGHES

In "Eden's Geography Erodes Flood Geology" (The Westminster Theological Journal, Spring, 1996, pp. 123-154), John C. Munday argues that a cataclysmic view of a world-wide Flood cannot be supported after an analysis of the geography of Eden. Munday bases his argument on two unproven assumptions: 1) Moses was the author of Genesis 2 and 2) the account was written from the perspective of the Israelites living in Canaan around 1500 B.C. These assumptions are invalid. It is more consistent with the data to attribute the account to Adam. He communicated it (possibly orally) from a pre-Flood perspective. Moses used Adam's account (unchanged) when compiling Genesis. The geographical terms in Genesis 2 are generic. They are not specific to any location, and could have been used for both pre-Flood and post-Flood geographic features. Eden's geography was destroyed by the Flood. Its location cannot be found in a post-Flood setting.

CRSQ (34) pp. 154-161

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KANAB CANYON, UTAH AND ARIZONA: ORIGIN SPECULATIONS

EMMETT L. WILLIAMS, ROBERT L. GOETTE AND JOHN R. MEYER

How Kanab Canyon, a side canyon of the Grand Canyon, may have developed within a young-earth Flood model is discussed. The draining of a lake ponded in southwestern Utah and possibly northwestern Arizona was the major cause for the formation of lower Kanab Canyon. Upper Kanab Canyon has developed since the 1800's because of flooding from thunder-shower activity. The following phases of erosion are postulated; a. during the retreat of Floodwater, b. draining of a post-Flood lake, c. precipitation during a warm post-Flood ice age, d. recent erosion from thundershower activity. Periods b and c may have overlapped chronologically. Processes such as cliff sapping are necessary to explain some of the topography of the high plateaus region of southwestern Utah.

CRSQ (34) pp. 162-172

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A COMPARISON OF ANIMISTIC BELIEFS BETWEEN PAROCHIAL AND PUBLIC SCHOOL STUDENTS

KEVIN P. PEIL

A comparison is made between the willingness of parochial and public school students to accept animistic explanations for phenomena. The animistic views of 424 parochial high school seniors (class of 1994) were compared and contrasted with the animistic views of 1954, 1989 and 1992 introductory college biology classes. The distinctive difference between the public and parochial students was the public school students were taught evolution as a fact while the parochial school students were taught Biblical, young Earth creation as a fact. The parochial student groups showed similar animistic tendencies as the 1954 biology class. For the 1989 and 1992 public school group of students the animistic responses were double and even triple the responses given by the parochial and 1954 public school students. A statistically significant relation exists between the percent of students with a public school background at a parochial school and the willingness of the students at that parochial school to accept animistic explanations for phenomena. Taken as a whole, the data presented here seem to indicate that the teaching of evolution will result in students being more willing to accept animistic explanations for phenomena.

CRSQ (34) pp. 174-180